Tuesday, 20 June 2006

Contents to the Kural in English


The Tirukkural: Getting close to the original
In Spirit, Content and Style
The 'choicest' of all translations in English

First edition in 2006; revised edition in 2024

~ Contents ~

Division 1: Virtue (அறத்துப்பால்)
1. Praise of God, 2. Glory of rain, 3. Greatness of ascetics, 4. Emphasizing virtue
5. Domestic life, 6. Ideal life partner, 7. Begetting children, 8. Possession of love,
9. Hospitality, 10. Pleasant speech
11. Gratitude, 12. Impartiality, 13. Self control, 14. Right conduct, 15. Faithfulness
16. Forbearance, 17. Not envying, 18. Not coveting, 19. Avoiding slander, 20. Vain speech
21. Fear of evil deeds, 22. Social obligation, 23. Charity, 24. Fame, 25. Being kind,
26. Shunning meat, 27. Penance, 28. Imposture, 29. Avoiding fraud, 30. Truthfulness
31. Avoiding wrath, 32. Not hurting, 33. Not killing, 34. Impermanence,
35. Renunciation, 36. Truth realization, 37. Destroying desire, 38. Fate

Division 2: Wealth (பொருட்பால்)
39. Merits of King, 40. Learning, 41. Illiteracy, 42. Listening, 43. Wisdom
44. Correcting faults, 45. Company of great, 46. Mean company, 47. Planned action,
48. Knowing strength, 49. Knowing time, 50. Knowing the place
51. Selection, 52. Deployment, 53. Cherishing kindred, 54. Avoiding laxity, 55. Governance, 56. Misrule, 57. Avoiding tyranny, 58. Compassion, 59. Espionage, 60. Possessing vigour
61. Avoiding sloth, 62. Manliness, 63. Courage in trouble, 64. Ministers, 65. Persuasiveness
66. Honest dealing, 67. Efficiency, 68. Execution, 69. Envoys, 70. Moving with kings
71. Mind reading, 72. Knowing assembly, 73. Bravery in assembly, 74. Country, 75. Fortress, 76. Acquiring wealth, 77. Army excellence, 78. Pride of an army, 79. Friendship,
80. Choosing friends
81. Familiarity, 82. Bad friendship, 83. False friendship, 84. Folly, 85. Inflated ignorance
86. Hostility, 87. Enemy's might, 88. Knowing strength, 89. Enemy within, 90. Unoffending great
91. Uxoriousness, 92. Public woman, ,93. Avoiding alcohol, 94. Gambling, 95. Medicine
96. Lineage, 97. Honour, 98. The great, 99. Goodness, 100. Courtesy
101. Useless wealth, 102. Being ashamed, 103. Social service, 104. Agriculture, 105. Poverty, 106. Begging, 107. Dread of begging, 108. Wickedness

Division 3: Love (இன்பத்துப்பால்)
109. Fascination, 110. Reading hints, 121. Bliss of union, 112. Her charms,
113. Love's excellence, 114. Unabashed, 115. Spreading rumors, 116. Separation
117. Love sickness, 118. Languishing eyes, 119. Hues of pallor, 120. Torture of loneliness
121. Nostalgic memoirs, 122. Dreams, 123. Evening sorrows, 124. Wasting away
125. Heart to heart, 126. Loss of modesty, 127. Mutual longings, 128. Sign language
129. Yearning for union, 130. Complaint to heart, 131. Coyness, 132. Lovers' quarrels, 133. Joys of sulking

2 comments:

  1. Dear Mr. Ashraf,

    You have put in huge amount of effort & original research on the subject of Thirukural.

    Nowhere have I seen translations of Thirukural into so many languages. Most people simply copy is list of translations and one does not know how accurate it is.

    It is also nice that you have gone thru dozens of translations and selected the best one for putting online.

    I lost touch with the contents you had put online when you shifted from earlier websites. Happy to see that you have put all of it on these blogs.

    Warm Regards & Best Wishes

    Rajeev

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  2. Thanks Sanjeev. It is a pleasure doing all this. Wish I had more time in hand to do more. I have at least eight more translations waiting to be typed an uploaded (Chinese, Japanese, Urdu, Oriya, Malayalam, Gujarati, Punjabi, Manipuri). Time will come for all these

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